Thinking Activity

Thinking Activity

(Paradise Lost)

Hello friends,
This blog is response to the task assigned by Dr.Dilip Barad sir. To view task Click Here

(1)What is your understanding of human perspective and divine perspective? Give illustration to support your understanding.

The Two Great Mysteries in God's Economy,In the Bible there are two spirits—the divine Spirit and the human spirit. 

(1)Human Perspective:

The humanistic perspective is an approach to psychology that emphasizes empathy and stresses the good in human behavior. ... In counseling and therapy, this approach allows an psychologist to focus on ways to help improve an individual's self-image or self-actualization - the things that make them feel worthwhile.

The humanistic perspective focuses on the positive image of what it means to be human. Human nature is viewed as basically good, and humanistic theorists focus on methods that allow fulfillment of potential.

Humanistic, humanism and humanist are terms in psychology relating to an approach which studies the whole person, and the uniqueness of each individual.  Essentially, these terms refer the same approach in psychology.

(2)Divine Perspective:

Divine perspective helps us stay objective in times of uncertainty.

MICHELLE VAN LOON says for divine perspective that… The very act of asking God to teach us about the brevity of our lives is how we learn to surrender our plans, dreams, and goals to God. It invites an eternal perspective on our temporal plans—a perspective that cultivates wisdom in our lives as we face each day’s challenges, no matter which stage of life we inhabit.

Human perspective	Divine perspective
Man as center	God’s Mission Field
Laking	No Lack
External result	Eternal Results
No boundaries	Beyond Sight
Renaissance spirit	Beyond Natural
	In Awe of Him
	Beyond Measure

(2) How do read the character of Eve transgressed and yet defendable?

What Milton has tried to convey in the Bible is something quite unique and using his own theatrical style.  If we try to look deeper, perhaps Milton did not intend to depict the character of the woman in the time when he wrote this epic, but the literature always provides a new perspective to society to look at by comparing the present to the past.  Keeping Eve's character in the center,at all Eve, the stereotypical female figure, is taken apart from the Holy Bible, re-inscribed and reassembled to form a fresh and subversive ideological configuration.

As numerous feminist critics have noticed, the discourse of the Bible is almost totally patriarchal. First, at the beginning of the Garden myth, God, Yahweh, creates the whole world for Adam, the man. Woman is created

later., first means superior and later means inferior or subordinate. She is a helpmate to cure man’s loneliness. Such male-centredness becomes more apparent when it is described that Eve, the first woman, is only a derivative
made from Adam’s rib, whereas Adam is made from the breath of God.

Because of the deficiency, women are also said to be initially flawed in their creation.

It should be noted that there was a defect in the formation of the first woman, since she was formed from a bent rib, that is, a rib of the breast, which is bent as it were in a contrary direction to a man.

Eve’s personal consciousness, free will, desire for knowledge, truth, and justice,
as well as her disobedience to her parents and the church are not punished, but celebrated. Readers are invited to witness Lyra’s growth and maturation. She continues to grow into a
wiser, stronger, and better person.

Even when they are in conflict with laws or any authority figures worshipped by the majority, one should still stick to one’s conscience and ethical principles,
stand up for the greater good, and fight for the welfare of all.

Regarding the double punishment cast on Eve, a French medieval guidebook known as The Goodman of Paris (1393) explains that Eve is twice cursed because she sins twice. Eve’s first sin is her pride. She sets herself up to be like God. Accordingly, she is cast down into a
position of subjection to her husband. Her second sin is the same as Adam’s – she eats the forbidden fruit, and thus her second penalty is the terrible pain of childbearing.

Thinking Activity

Thinking Activity

(Wordsworth & Coleridge)

Hello Friends,

Before discussing about wordsworth & Coleridge's views on poem, first of all let's have a look on "What is poem?". Poem is a a piece of writing arranged in short lines. Poems try to express thoughts and feelings with the help of sound and rhythm. Each time different poets and critics have tried to define poetry.  Different opinions exist in this regard. In general, poetry is an ear art.  But over time this concept has not been narrowed down to this idea, but the broad meaning has been given to this definition.

This blog is response to Thinking Activity assigned by Dr.Dilip Barad Sir. Click Here & also click here to visit the assigned task:

(1)Write a brief note on the views of Wordsworth & Coleridge on  poem.

Different critics and poet have tried to define poem and poetry. Now, let's discuss about Wordsworth's views on poem:

🔶Wordsworth's views on poem:

According to Wordsworth, 

"Poetry is spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings recollected in tranquility."

His views of poetic diction can be summed up as: "There neither is nor can be any essential difference between the language of prose and metrical composition."

🔶S.T.Coleridge's views on poem:

According to Coleridge,

Poetry is the product of imagination working on the objects of life and nature. It is an activity of imagination, idealizing the real and realising the ideal.

If we look at the question that,

“Would then the mere super addition of meter, with or without rhyme, entitle these to the name of poems?” To this Coleridge replies that if meter is super added the other parts of the composition also must harmonies with it. In order to deserve the name poem each part of the composition, including meter, rhyme, diction and theme must harmonies with the wholeness of the composition.

Wordsworth and Coleridge's friendship began to slowly deteriorate; beginning with criticisms of each other’s poetry, then growing into conflicting views on creativity and intellect, and finally culminating in a “radical difference” of “theoretical opinions” concerning poetry.

“Never again would the two poets have the sort of compatibility which allowed for major differences of opinion, without creating unease”

Wordsworth and Coleridge's views on poem
	Wordsworth	S.T.Coleridge
	Romanticist	Romanticist
Central idea	sees nature and beautiful and something that induces nostalgia	creates dark imagery and the idea of disruption through his use of the Sublime element.
Definition of poetry	"Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings; it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility."	Poetry is the product of imagination working on the objects of life and nature. It is an activity of imagination, idealizing the real and realising the ideal.
	breath and finer spirit of all knowledge,	It is an activity of imagination, idealizing the real and realising the ideal.
Views about poem/poetry	Wordsworth gives Complex and difficult and confusing definition for poetry that spontaneous overflow & recollected in tranquility	Coleridge's view is simpler than Wordsworth's, because he regards meter as an element that "tends to increase the vivacity and susceptibility both of the general feelings and of the attention."
Expression in the poem	Poem is the impassioned expression that is in the countenance of all science.	poem is a heart of reality work that poetry convey the feeling by rhyme and that took place as golden shield.
Major focus	a poet of spiritual and epistemological speculation	Coleridge deal with distinction between fancy and imagination Secondary Imagination Primary Imagination The secondary imagination is more active, more a result of volition, more conscious and more voluntary than the primary one. The primary imagination is living power and prime agent of all human perception.
Poetic diction & poem v/s poetry	Poetic diction means style of writing which is used by poet in poetry like the communication style, frame of reference, and use of tropical language-normally metaphors.	Coleridge ‘s views on poem and poetry. Poem Poetry a merely one of the form of expression As colours are to the art of painting, words are to the art of writing poetry. wider than poem, activity of poet's mind
About	A poet concerned with the human relationship to nature and a fierce advocate of using the vocabulary and speech patterns of common people in poetry.	his poems are powered exclusively by imaginative flights, wherein the Speaker temporarily abandons his immediate surroundings, exchanging them for an entirely new and completely fabricated experience.
Theme	Instead of focusing more on democratic themes he used to write upon the lives of ordinary people, farmers, paupers and the rural poor.	The interaction between man and nature is a major theme for Coleridge.
Flow of poem	It cannot be made to flow through artificially	Coleridge believed that a strong, active imagination could become a vehicle for transcending unpleasant circumstances.
Subject matter	Object, Humble and rustic life	artificially The Interplay of Philosophy, Piety, and Poetry
Function of poetry	Instrument for the propagation of moral thought	inaccessible clarity of vision,
Major concern	Deep philosophical truths about life and religion	Coleridge is often described as a “poet of the imagination.” What does this appellation mean is his major concern

(2)Analyze Two poems with reference to Wordsworth and Coleridge's view.

With the reference of Wordsworth	With the reference of Coleridge
ક્યાં હવે ભમતી દિશાઓ શોધશે અજવાસને, સાંજની ઝાંખી હવાઓ પી ગઈ આકાશને. શૂન્યતાએ ઓલવી નાખ્યા અવજોના દિવા, સુઈ રહ્યા છે ઘાસના મેદાન ઓઢી ઘાસને. સ્વપ્નની માફક સરી ગઈ રેશમી ભીની લીલાશ, એ સ્મરણ ચડતા પીળી ખાલી ચડે છે વાંસને. ખાલી વસ્યા દ્વાર ખોલીને પ્રવેશે અંધકાર, ને જતા નીરખી રહું ઠરતા દીવાના શ્વાસને. છે વિચારોમા એ સમણું પણ ભીંજવે સાંજને, પાણીની સાથે નથી સંબંધ કંઈ ભીનાશને. -રમેશ પારેખ	(પ્રકૃતિકાવ્ય નહીં લખી શકવા બાબત એક ખેતમજૂરી કરતા કવિની ઉક્તિ) વહેલી પરોઢે સૂર્યએ પોતાનો ચૂલો સળગાવ્યો ત્યારે અમે અમારા ટાઢાબોળ ચૂલાની બાજુમાં બેઠા હતા જાગતાં… એવું નથી કે મને સ્પર્શતું નથી આ મૃદુ ઝાકળ ગમે છે, પણ પરોઢના ગર્ભમાં પાંગરેલું આ ઓસ સુંવાળા ઘાસ પર બેસીને તેની મહાન ગાથા સંભળાવે તે પહેલાં મારી માના હાથમાં ઊપસી આવેલા ફોલ્લા એની કથા કહેવા માંડે છે ઝાકળ પોતાને મોતી સિદ્ધ કરે તે પહેલાં પગમાં પડેલા ઢીમડાં પોતાને કોહિનૂર સાબિત કરી ચૂક્યા હોય છે ‘પરોઢે કમલ સરોવરે અંગ ઝબોળાય’ની કલ્પનાને ટાણે તો અમે ધૂળમાટીથી રગદોળાઈને થઈ ગયા હોઈએ છીએ પરસેવે રેબઝેબ… વંદન! વરસતા વરસાદની દોમદોમ સાહ્યબીને બે હાથે વંદન! પણ મને તો ધોધમાર વરસાદમાં માથું ઢાંકતા છાપરાની કલ્પના વધારે વહાલી લાગે છે મને યાદ છે, એક દી કોલસાની ભઠ્ઠીમાં કામ કરતાં મા દાઝી ગયેલી એક મોટા અર્ધ વર્તુળાકાર ફરફોલા સાથે ઊપસી આવેલા અનેક ફોલ્લા હાથ પર મને તેમાં દાઝી ગયેલો ચંદ્ર ને સેંકડો બુઝાતા સિતારા દેખાયેલા બસ આટલું નાનું (પ્રકૃતિ?) કાવ્ય રચાયું હતું ચિત્તમાં…. મારું કલ્પનાશીલ મો જોઈ માએ પૂછેલું ‘ધરાએલો લાગે છે, કંઈ ખાઈને આવ્યો કે શું? હું કશું બોલ્યો નહીં, કયા મોઢે કહેવું કે ભરપેટ ગાળો ખાધી છે શેઠની… તમે જ્યારે ‘સીમ દોમદોમ તડકામાં નહાય’નું અદ્ભુત કલ્પનાચિત્ર રજૂ કરો છો, ત્યારે મારી હોજરીમાં તપતું હોય છે એક ગીતનું મુખડું, કે- ‘આખું આકાશ એક ધગધગતો ચૂલો ને સૂરજ એક શેકાતી રોટલી…’ તમે કહો છો, ‘સમી સાંજે સૂરજ કેવા અદ્ભુત રંગો પૂરે છે ક્ષિતિજ પર, નહી?’ આઈ એગ્રી, લાખલાખ સલામ એના કેસરિયાપણાને! કિરણોની ફરતી પીંછીને! પણ અમારા જીવનમાંથી બુઝાઈ ગયેલો સૂર્ય મને ક્ષિતિજના રંગોની કલ્પના નથી કરવા દેતો… મને તો તેમાં મારી માના સેંથીના આકાશમાંથી આથમી ગયેલા સૂર્યને કારણે ભૂંસાયેલા સિંદૂરના લાલપીળા ડાઘા દેખાય છે, જેને હું કોઈ જ પોતાથી સાફ નથી કરી શકતો… પ્રકૃતિએ સર્જેલી મસમોટી ઊંડી ખીણ કરતાં મને પેટનો ખાડો વધારે ઊંડો લાગે છે. પ્લીઝ! એવું ન સમજતા કે હું પ્રકૃતિનો ચાહક નથી પણ હાલ પૂરતું હું તેનું કાવ્ય સર્જી શકું તેમ નથી, સોરી! – અનિલ ચાવડા
Analysis: According to Wordsworth, poem means eating all of your food together at the time just as a cow and then tossing it comfortably.  Not only is the word used more general in everyday life, it has been suggested to be careful in meter and rhymes. Here, poet Shri Ramesh Parekh has experimented with the elements of nature, not only the poem was created using metaphors such as dream, gate, summon, evening and damp water. Here, poet used everyday speech of ordinary individuals. With the help of metaphors such as grass, emptiness, road, lamp, breath and such, he has tried to keep the new poetic elements in front of the readers. So, in this very recent poem we can find the elements of a poem or such distinct quality which makes this poem more favourable and unique.	Analysis: Not all poems can be called poem(poetry) only by the best use of words or or rhymes and other metaphors.  But Coleridge says to wordsworth it just like a nursery rhymes. Poetry means any new creation or thing that comes out from imagination, it can be called true poetry.  It can be in prose, verse or in lyrics. In this context, one is also a poet's portrait of a poet, and one of the new discoveries of a scientist is also considered as poetry.  Here, the poet Shri Anil Chavda has highlighted the discrimination of caste, class and other poor-rich people by running a farmer's pain and suffering. Not only this, nature has also shown love and poetry has been created by giving nice quotes in the blind without using heavy rhymes or metaphors.  The abscesses in the owner's spine, mind, hands, and feet make a better impression than ordinary poetry.  So, here we can find elements of poetry defined by S.T.Coleridge.

Realigion v/s patriotism

Realigion v/s patriotism
(August Special)

Hello friends,

This blog is response to activity 'Sunday Reading' assigned by Dr.Dilip Barad sir. To view more about SHITLA SATAM Click Here & to know more about Country vs Nation-State & also visit BigShorts - for India of Tomorrow

If we want to see what we are doing
 now-a-days, just have a single look upon this!

It is not fair to say that in India, more festivals are celebrated in a particular month, because according to Indian tradition, one's life is interwoven with religion and festivals connected with that religion.  Hey!  Festivals one after another!  Despite the same tendency, the festivities of each festival are different, the variety of traditions associated with it, the traditions are different, and the interconnected stories, jokes and styles are also different too! Perhaps the paradox of this trend is unity in diversity! Just have a look on it:

Religious festivals in India
Festivals during August	Chief center of the festivities
Raksha Bandhan	Many States
Ker Puja	Tripura
Janmashtami	Many States
Patriot’s day	Manipur
Independence Day	Throughout the country
Parsi New Year	Gujarat and Maharashtra
Ganesh Chaturthi	Many States
Ayyankali Jayanthi/ Ramdev Jayanthi/  Teja Dashami	Ayyankali Jayanthi -  Kerala Ramdev Jayanthi/  Teja Dashami - Rajasthan
Ashura/Karam	Ashura – Many States Karam – Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and West Bengal,
Thiruvonam	Kerala
Bakr Id/Eid al Adha	Jammu & Kashmir
Baba Sri Chand Ji Jayanti	Punjab

In the old days, festivals were the central reason for the relaxation, the interconnection of each other, and the interconnectedness.  But, fanatics are not able to accept science as an invention just because of this science was linked to the scourge of religion one way or another!

But these people are not fanatics they are religious blind and when religion and the monarchy come together in administration and the supremacy overrides the monarchy, the nation begins to collapse! Just like termite, eating wood, religion destroys the future of the religious nation.

There was some scientific fact behind each festive celebration, but these fanatics rejected the truth somewhere and put the nation at risk, the nation itself!

Speaking of smallpox, what is the purpose behind eating cold?  And why can't people accept that cold eating does not cause a smallpox disease, so we should be ashamed of the fact that though Edward Genre discovered the vaccine and made the world smallpox free!  Hey!  Why to blame only educate and illiterate and the ignorant people, even the educated and the so called elite also increase such superstitions.  And in the past, the removal of smallpox was not possible, that is why people started worshiping SHITLA MATAJI mother as a force against which no force could be used.  Even when only one vaccine has been able to protect against this deadly disease like smallpox at present, some people do not even go to the hospital till the baby dies!  Why? Superstitions in people's lives have made home so much that people don't even have to try to go to reality!

Even so, it is difficult to say in what direction the current affairs will take the nation by connecting religion with the monarchy. Even so, it is difficult to say in which direction the current affairs will take the nation by connecting religion with the monarchy.

And most importantly!  In addition to this, we are reminded only that we have attained independence this August?  The answer is that, NO!  It just like full of bloodsheds!  A blood-soaked, tear-filled, pain-stricken month, and perhaps this is why people keep curtaining and talking about it in different ways, celebrating and kneeling down, and that is why people are involved in political and social issues.  The matter is currently being abused.

Ganeshotsav is currently underway.  But the problem is, what does it mean to associate such religious festivals with the monarchy!

If democracy means the same by the people, for the people and of he people, then the value of personal freedom here is being true or not!  And if so, to what extent?  Now-a-days some Ganpati Pandals we get to hear the Aarti as well as the national anthem with it!

Together this time is not only a time of independence but also a time of partition.

From 1947 to the present day, there is still something missing that partitionnovels and movies are constantly coming to our attention.  Artists in one way or another are constantly emitting this fustration.

In addition, the violence and acts committed by the people in the name of nation love may not be misleading us somewhere and it is very important to be aware of that!  The Bloody Line and देेेश- एक राग! are very good examples of this.

We are living in the so-called 21st Century and perhaps we still have time to wake up, save the nation from being plunged into darkness!  But when?  When will we finally come to light from darkness, and when our eyes will see not only the clothes but also the ideas in terms of modernity!  When do we get down from the pinnacle of ignorance!  Till when will we allow the superstitions that have been going on for years and the religion, the customs of the nation to be removed from the nation!  We have all the answer, but it is only as often as we implement it, but the problem is that this will be implemented in the end but when!