Post – Viewing Task - HAMLET

HAMLET

Post – Viewing Task

(1)How faithful is the movie to the original play?

As a student of literature, there is always

controversy between book v/s movie. Reading of book gives chance to enter in our own imagination while movie brings a particular image in front of us. Though adaptations of movie helps us to understand the book in a far better way. While director transforms book to the movie it’s a form of translation in various approaches like words to screen this transformation is itself the biggest transformation. Kenneth Branagh is one of the most a Northern Irish actor, director, producer, and screenwriter. In the movie HAMLET, Though he has made several changes  it can be considered as quite appropriate changes and as text remains line-by-line faithful to the text- HAMLET by Shakespeare.

Major Changes
	Shakespeare's HAMLET	Kenneth Branagh's HAMLET
Setting	12th century Denmark	18th century Elsinore castle
Costume	12th century	19th century Victorian costume
Opening & ending	Begins with bitter darkness and also ending with dead march	Also starts with bitter darkness and also ending with dead march but Kenneth Branagh has made a unique symbol of King HAMLET'S statue. The movie opens with standing statue of King Hamlet in bitter darkness which is destroyed at the last scene of movie.

Thus, Movie is verbally faithfull to the original play. Though Kenneth Branagh has made several changes, these changes are quite appropriate and for coming out from illusion in which setting he unfolds story & in which influence Shakespeare has written the play.

(2)Do you feel ‘aesthetic delight’ while watching the movie? If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no, can you explain with reasons?

If literature has no aesthetic delight, it is not literature at all. Doesn't matter  if something has "aesthetic value," it has value as a work of art or even if nobody will pay much for it. Kenneth Branagh 's movie HAMLET asthetically pleases to us. HAMLET - MONALISA OF LITERATURE, character of HAMLET quite attractive than other characters. To be or not to be, that is the question and We know what we are, but we don't know what we may be! Hamlet's philosophy, his soliloquies and madness, madness of Ophelia reaches to our heart. Nunnery scene - Words, words, words! &.            That one may smile, and smile, and be a villain Universality which is described is an unique. Though it is revenge tragedy, lots of quotes and wonderful soliloquies are there. Nunnery scene and madness of Ophelia gives much pleasure to me. In the very beginning, shakespeare puts satire in the words of Hamlet that, Frailty, thy name is woman." Represents christian superstition in which woman are portrayed as siners or man's perpetual destroyer as in Dr. Faustus.

Thus, Kenneth Branagh's Ophelia's madness's scene & nunmery scene gives me unbounded joy in which Kenneth Branagh has also made it beautiful by his own creative art as a director.

(3)Do you feel ‘catharsis’ while or after watching movie? If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no, can you explain with reasons?

Compassion and fear begin to accumulate and reach heights from the very beginning, and by the end this ice-free frozen sphere melts. My purging emotions get released throughout the movie twice. First, when she gets made and other at the end of the movie where Hamlet and Leartes are fighting & we already know that Polonius and Leartes have planned to kill Hamlet & pity is that once Hamlet had chance to kill Polonius but as he is philosopher, he hadn't kill Polonius. Here, my catharsis get purged with the death of our tragic hero who himself never wants to yake revenge but his father- KING HAMLET who wants to take revenge and it's coast pays many other especially Ophelia, Gertude and Polonius, Rosancrantz & Guidenstern, Leartes incuding Hamlet himself!

(4)Does screening of movie help you in better understanding of the play?

Reading gives us unbounded charm of visulization but audio-visulization helps far better to understand anything. Reading twice and watching once are equal. Reading soliloquies and its transformation in movie as monologue is somehow very interesting. Reading the madness of Ophelia and watching its acting in Kenneth Branagh's movie is one of the most interesting and helps us yo understand far better & clear. Nunnery scene is one of the greatest scene in the play and one can easily find crystal clear analysis that when we read Shakespeare's Hamlet's words, "Words, words, words!" & Kenneth Branagh's Hamlet's words, "Words, words, wo..r...ds.! How he pronounces this is more important and gives the extend feeling to umderstand Shakespeare's one of the greatest tragedy HAMLET.

(5)Was there any particular scene or moment in the movie that you will cherish lifetime?

The whole film is artistically the best.  The director -Kenneth Branagh has made this film by pouring his devotion in order to get full justice for each character.  Every dialogue as if it was speaking to the eye and no film before the eyes but it seems as if the event was happening to itself.  This is why the whole film attracts us emotionally.  Nevertheless, the final scene of the madness of Ophelia and Hamlet, where it is given respect like a soldier is touched to the depths of the heart as it is woven into the scene, in a lively and lifelong look.

(6)  If you are director, what changes would you like to make in the remaking of movie on Shakespeare’s ‘Hamlet’?

The idea of ​​making a remake of a masterpiece of a great dramatist like Shakeaspeare can only be considered too big.  Nonetheless, the director has tried very well and achieved a great deal of artistic success. Even though there are irrelevant dialogues in the play, in some places the dialogue seems to be divert, but one reason may be that the Kenneth Branaghhas constantly tried to stick to Shakespeare's original text.

(7)In the beginning of the movie, camera rolls over the statue of King Hamlet out side the Elsinore castle. The movie ends with the similar sequence wherein the statue of the King Hamlet is hammered down to the dust. What sort of symbolism do you read in this? (Clue: In Book IX of 'Paradise Lost', Satan reflects on his revenge motive:       "But what will not ambition andrevenge; Descend to? Who aspires must down as low; As high he soared, obnoxious, first or last, To basest things.Revenge, at first though sweet, Bitter ere long back on itself recoils." Is it not King Hamlet's ambition to avenge his death responsible for the downfall of his kingdom which is symbolically pictured in last scenes?)

Just as a writer tries to integrate his talk with his own time in any of his literary works, using new symbols in the same way, the director may also take adaptation  from Paste to make a film, but his remaking can overcome the pinnacle of success and universality only if the present-day overview is fulfilled.  Here the director proves this that HAMLET achieves success and eternity. Kenneth Branagh goes further than what Shakespeare has presented in renaissance medival time, and this proves this from the fall of KING HAMLET's STATUE.  The Elsinore castle is filled with corpses and King HAMLET's fall , in response to KING HAMLET's desire to take revenge. War can never be the solution to a puzzle because war itself is a puzzle.Kenneth Branagh has deliberately given out that the tendency to forgive is allways better than the spirit of revenge.

To illustrate this, let us take an example of a current movie, in BAHUBALI 2, where  Rajmauli also shows symbolic fall of statue. Here fall of statue actually symbolises fall of power.

(8)While studying the play through movie, which approach do you find more applicable to the play? Why? Give reasons with illustrations.

I think Psychological approach and feminism study are more applicable to the play because Hamlet's madness and overthinking of Hamlet is at the center throughout the play. Ophelia's madness also gives undoubtable unique impact upon us. To look futher feminine study is also applicalble for this as we look at the character of Ophelia and Gertude both became victims of male's desire.

(9)Which of the above mentioned approaches (in Pre-viewing task) appeals you more than other?Why? Give reasons.

While reading various approaches in pre-viewing task, feminism study attracts me much and more because woman are double marginalized! There is no need to go to the evidence to clarify this point.  Just looking around us, there are cases of weird things happening every day.  There is never desire to women need to be given higher status, but the status of women, but the veil over which the masculine mentality has been covered needs to be removed, and for this reason the feminism study appeals more to me.

સૈરન્ધ્રી

સૈરન્ધ્રી

(ખોજ- સ્ત્રીત્વના અસ્તિત્વની!)

સ્વયંવરમાં પણ પોતાના ઈચ્છિત વરને પસંદ ન કરી શકનાર સ્ત્રીની ગાથા,

વિવશતામાં અર્જુનને વરેલ સ્ત્રીની કથા,

 પાંચ પતિઓ વચ્ચે વસ્તુ જેમ વહેંચાયેલ પત્નીની વ્યથા,

મહારાણી પદની અધિકારી હોવા છતાં દાસીત્વ ભોગવનાર સતીની મનોદશા,

આત્મરક્ષણ કાજે કરેલ કિચકના વધમાં ચિતાના માંચડે ચડનાર પાંચ પતિઓની ભાર્યા અને નિજથી છૂટી, નિજમાં ભળી, નિજમાં બળવા પાછી વળતી, ચિતા ચડેલી નારની ભડભડ બળતી જ્વાળા એટલે કવિ શ્રી વિનોદ જોશીની સૈરન્ધ્રી!

બહુ પ્રાચીનકાળ થી સ્ત્રીઓને પોતાના અસ્તિત્વ માટે, ખરા અર્થમાં તો પોતાના સ્વતંત્ર અસ્તિત્વ માટે બહુ આકરો સંઘર્ષ કરવો પડ્યો છે.                 

હદય એકમાં રોકી લીધું,
પંડ પાંચમા વહેંચી દીધું;
ઓઢયું અવધવનું અનુશાસન,
વસ્તુ જેમ જ કર્યું વિભાજન.
(સર્ગ ૨)

સ્ત્રી એટલે માત્ર ઉપભોગનું સાધન! ખૂબ પ્રાચીન સંસ્કૃત પંક્તિ પ્રસિદ્ધ છે કે,

કાર્યેષુ મંત્રી, કરણેષુ દાસી ,ભોજ્યેષુ માતા,

 શયનેષુ રંભા! ધર્મે'નુકૂલા ક્ષમયા ધરિત્રી.

પણ ક્યાં સુધી!? કોઈ ક્યારે સમજશે કે સ્ત્રી પણ પુરુષની જેન એક સ્વતંત્ર જીવ છે! જન્મથી લઈને મૃત્યુ સુધી સ્ત્રીને સતત પુરુષથી એક ડગ પાછળ રખાઈ છે. ક્યારેક પિતા, ક્યારેક ભાઈ તો ક્યારેક પતિના દરજ્જાને પોતાના અસ્તિત્વ અને વ્યક્તિત્વ કરતા વધુ ઉચ્ચ અને માન આપવાનું જ એને બાળપણથી  શિક્ષણ આપવામાં આવે છે. મોર્ડન, વધુમાં આજના સમયમાં પોસ્ટ-મોડર્ન ગણાતા સમયમાં પણ બહુ જૂજ સ્ત્રીઓ, આંગણીના ટેરવે ગણી શકાય એટલી સ્ત્રીઓ ઘરની ચાર દીવાલની બહાર આવી શકી છે અને ઘરની આ ચાર દીવાલની બહાર આવવા માટે બહુ આંકરો સંઘર્ષ અને બલિદાનો આપીને બહુ મોટી કિંમત ચૂકવવી પડી છે. કવિ શ્રી વિનોદ જોશીની સૈરન્ધ્રી આ બાબતની સાક્ષી પૂરે છે કે પ્રવર્તમાન સમયમાં લખાયેલી સૈરન્ધ્રીને પણ આખરે પોતાની વાત સત્ય સાબિત કરવાનો પ્રયાસ કરતા આખરે તો સ્વમાનને ખાતર આત્મહત્યા જ એકમાત્ર રસ્તો રહે છે. હા, વર્તમાન સમયને વિનોદ જોશીએ  તેમના આ પ્રબંધ કાવ્યમાં પ્રતિબિંબિત કરવાનો સફળ પ્રયત્ન કર્યો છે જ્યાં સૈરન્ધ્રી સ્વયં કીચકની હત્યા કરે છે, જ્યારે મહાભારતની કથામાં ભીમ અને અર્જુન સૈરન્ધ્રીની સહાય કરે છે અને અંતે ભીમ દ્વારા કીચકની હત્યા થાય છે. પરંતુ આ બાબત પરથી વર્તમાન સમયની ઝાંખી પણ ઝળકે છે કે, "સ્વબચાવ તથા સ્ત્રીને માત્ર એક શરીર તરીકે જોનારા કિચકનો અંત કરવા માટે તો આજની નારી સમર્થ છે પરંતુ, સ્વબચાવને ખાતર થયેલી હત્યા માટે પણ આખરે સ્ત્રીએ પોતાનો જીવ તો કુરબાન કરવો જ પડશે."

દિન-પ્રતિદિન અખબારો અને સમાચારોમાં કેટલાય બનાવો આંખ સામે આવે છે કે જેમાં સ્ત્રી પણ ન કહી શકાય એવી બાળકીઓને બળાત્કારોના કિસ્સાઓ કમકમાટી ઉપજાવે છે, સૌ કોઈના રૂંવાડા ઉભા થાય છે અને ખબર નહિ કાઈ રીતે પણ પછા બેસી ય જાય છે! નિર્ભયા કાંડ પછી મીણબત્તીઓ હાથમાં લઈ, મોરચાઓ ખડા કરીને જ્યાં સુધી આપણાં આત્માને ઠંડક મળી જવાની છે ત્યાં સુધી દ્રૌપદીને કર્ણને નહિ પરણવાનો પસ્તાવો કરવો જ પડશે, સ્વયંવરમાં પોતાનો વર તો સ્વયં પસંદ ન જ કરી શકી પરંતુ જેણે સ્વયંવરમાં પ્રતિબિંબિત મત્સ્યને જોઈને ઉપર મત્સ્યની આંખ વીંધી એની માતાના આદેશના પાલનને ખાતર પાંચ પતિઓમાં પોતાની જાતને વહેંચવી જ પડશે, પોતાનો કોઈ જ દોષ ન હોવા છતાંય જે પોતાનું વાસ્તવિક અસ્તિત્વ(દ્રૌપદી) જે સ્વયં જોખમમાં છે એને નેવે મૂકીને સૈરન્ધ્રી બનવું જ પડશે! બીજો કોઈ રસ્તો જ ક્યાં છે!

કવિ શ્રી વિનોદ જોશીએ સૈરન્ધ્રીને ચિતા પર ચડવા માટે સ્વયં જે રીતે ચડતી બતાવી છે અને સામે પાંચ પાંડવો જે માત્ર પોતાને વધુ બાર વર્ષનો વનવાસ અને એક વર્ષનો અજ્ઞાતવાસ ન ભાગે ન આવે એ માટે પાંચેય પાંડવો નતમસ્તક થઈને ઉભા છે અને સૈરન્ધ્રી લોકોની ભીડ વચ્ચે તથા પાંચ-પાંચ પાંડવોની સામે અગ્નિની ભડ-ભડ બળતી જ્વાળાઓમાં ધુમાડો બનીને પોતાની પત્નીને પોતાની  આંખ સામે ધુમાડો બનીને ઉડી જતા જોઈ રહેતા પહેલા તેમના કાળજા કેમ ન બલી ગયા એ વિચાર આવે છે! હદય આક્રંદ કરી ઉઠે એવુ વર્ણન વિનોદ જોશીએ અહીં આલેખ્યું છે.

નહિ સ્થિર, નહિ વિદ્યુતવેગી,

નહિ અળગી, નહિ દીસતી ભેગી,

સમ્યક ભાવ ધરે સન્નારી,

લોક બધા કહેતા હત્યારી.
(સર્ગ  ૭)

અહીં, કવિ શ્રી વિનોદ જોશીએ સૈરન્ધ્રીના પાત્ર દ્વારા આ પ્રકારની સ્ત્રીઓ સાથે થતા અન્યાયો અને અત્યાચારો ઉપર પણ દ્રષ્ટિપાટ કરાવ્યો છે. સૈરન્ધ્રીના પાત્રને સ્વતંત્ર રીતે જોતા આ ખ્યાલ સ્પષ્ટ થાય છે.
               ચિતા ચડેલી નારને, નીરખે લોક સમસ્ત,
              દિશા વિસ્તરી એટલી, સૂર્ય ન પામે અસ્ત!
                                  (સર્ગ ૭)

અગ્નિમાંથી નીકળેલી સ્ત્રી અગ્નિમાં પોતાની જાતને હોમવા જાય ત્યારે વિનોદ જોશી દ્વારા ખડું કરાયેલું ચિત્ર હદયને કમકમાવી મૂકે છે. વર્તમાન સમયમાં સ્ત્રીને સળગાવી દેવાના અથવા સ્ત્રીએ જાતે અગ્નિસ્નાન કરી લીધું હોય એવા  કિસ્સાઓ શોધવા જવાની જરૂર નથી. માત્ર થોડી નજર આમ-તેમ કરતા આવી ઘટનાઓ જે આપના કને બહુ નજીકના સમયમાં જ સાંભળી હોય એ બધી જ ઘટનાઓ કાન પાસે ઢોલ-નગારા વગાડવા લાગે છે.

ખબર નહિ ક્યાં સુધી સ્ત્રીએ પોતાના અધિકાર માટે અને રક્ષણ માટે લડવાનું છે. જે પોતાનું જ છે એ મેળવવા માટે ની જંગ વર્ષો પહેલાથી ચાલી આવી છે અને તેનો અંત ક્યારે આવશે એ વિશે અનુમાન લગાવવું પણ ખૂબ મુશ્કેલ છે!

સમાજ! શબ્દ ઉચ્ચારતા જ આંખો લાલ થઈ જાય અને બીજી જ ક્ષણે આત્માને ઉધઈ જાણે લાકડાની પેઠે ખાઈ જતી હોય અને કશું જ નહીં કરી શકવા બદલ ચહેરા ઉપર કરૂણ હાસ્ય ઉપસી આવે! ખરેખર તો સૈરન્ધ્રીના સ્વરૂપમાં કવિ શ્રી વિનોદ જોષી રજૂ કર્યું છે  સ્ત્રીની પ્રવર્તમાન વાસ્તવિકતાને સાત સર્ગમાં આલેખી છે જ્યાં સૈરન્ધ્રી સ્વબચાવ માટે તો સમર્થ છે પરંતુ સ્વબચાવ બાદ પોતાના અસ્તિત્વનો બચાવ હજુ પણ પડકારરૂપ બની રહ્યો છે.

સમય બદલાઈ ચુક્યો છે, સમાજ બદલાઈ ગયો છે અને કદાચ આપણે પણ બદલાઈ ગયા છીએ!? એટલા બદલાઈ ગયા છીએ જ્યાં કેટલીય સૈરન્ધ્રીનું પોતાની ઓળખ માટે તથા પોતાના અસ્તિત્વ માટે, અગ્નિ સમક્ષ રમખાણે ચડેલ સ્ત્રીના નિજ પરિચયની શોધની નાવ વમળો વચ્ચે આવીને અચાનક જ તોફાન સામે ઝઝૂમતા-ઝઝૂમતા ક્યાંક વમળોમાં ખોવાઈ ગઈ અને હોમાઈ ગયું અસ્તિત્વ નિજનું! 

હજુ પણ અવિરત ચાલતી સ્ત્રીત્વના અસ્તિત્વની ખોજમાં અને સૈરન્ધ્રીના અસ્તિત્વની શોધમાં...

આભાર.

GIRISH KARNAD

GIRISH KARNAD

MAN OF MANY CRAFTS

Hello friends,

Artist!  When we speak the word Artist our face gets nailed.  Some names and faces seem to float in front of the eyes.  Tongues begin to swell, to name a few.  Art as a synonym for life, art is a reflection of society and art is a unique effort to capture the ideal picture of the present.  But the picture of the present time in the society is always viewed as angry and rebellious against any one who presents it.  It is said that one should examine criticism of one's art and criticism of art in order to see how rich one is, but be aware that criticism is must be unbiased! The critisim, especially under current political implications, misleads readers and viewers.  At present, most criticisms of artists are partial and therefore there are two types of criticisms on artists in their favor and against them.

At 9  o'clock in the morning at 10th June I took the phone and had a shock!  The world lost another great artist, Girish Karnad, today.  Very sad.  The theater, the theater, the cinema world and society will have to face a big ditch now.

"A man must commit a crime at least once in his life-time. Only then will his virtue be recognised,"

Karnad has been famously quoted by his fans as well as his detractors. 

For the Eighties' kids who tasted TV time with Malgudi Days, Girish Karnads portrayal as Swamis stern father has remained an indelible memory. Equally unfading for many generations are his plays with historical and mythical elements, films reflecting the country's social sentiment, and political activism - all of which reflected a fearlessness and candour so rare in Indian showbiz. An expressive conversationalist and liberal who believed in the true spirit of secularism, he was a colossus in India's cultural landscape.

(1)Visit this blog of Dr.Dilip Barad to see the arguments and different posts in favor of and against Girish Karnad. Girish Karnad: The Artist, the Citizen and the Question of Truth And also visit this to view interview with Girish Karnad Tipu greatest Kannadiga in 500 years, says Girish Karnad

(2)Karnad also held important positions in top institutes. He served as director of the state-run Film and Television Institute of India (1974-1975) at Pune and was Chairman of Sangeet Natak Akademi and National Academy of the Performing Arts (1988-93).

Actor Satish Shah remembers that Girsh Karnad was the one responsible for choosing him, Naseeruddin Shah and Om Puri for the FTII acting course in 1974 in the days of "conventional chocolate faces". "Owe him our careers," he tweeted. Beyond the world of showbiz, Girish Karnad was also unafraid of expressing his views on the country's social and political state. In a latest stroke at political activism, Karnad was among over 200 writers and artistes who had appealed to citizens to vote against hate politics and for an equal and diverse India, right before the Lok Sabha elections this year. He had also worn a placard that read 'Me too Urban Naxal' at an event marking the first death anniversary of journalist-activist Gauri Lankesh.

His political ideology was as important as his theatre. Any person thinks twice before uttering something which he knew as ‘unpopular’ and the tendency to please will make him play to the gallery. Karnad never hesitated from speaking the truth and did not change his words to suit the listeners when he was clear about what was good for him, his country and its future.Karnad's blistering views about Election 2014.

(3)Remembering Girish Karnad

Girish Karnad: The Man Who Always Fought for Freedom of Expression

(4)आज तक news channel has created this feedback form to convey the views of people on the obituaries of this great artist, actor, director, screenplaywriter and dramatist Girish Karnad through social media.  So if you also want to give your feedback to the आज तक news channel then do it soon & share your views with other.Feedback Form - Girish Karnad death tribute 

Thank you.

Post Truth

POST-TRUTH

Sunday Reading Activity

Hello friends,

While speaking, writing, working, we think of ourselves and act as if we are right, instead of this we need to see the things in a different way or from a different perspective. Somehow this is questions to truth. According to Oxford Dictionaries, the late Serbian-American playwright Steve Tesich first used the term post-truth in a 1992 essay in The Nation. Oxford Dictionaries has declared "post-truth" as its 2016 international word of the year, reflecting what it called a "highly-charged" political 12 months. Click here to know more news about post-truth through BBC news.

Beyond word of the year 2016

The Oxford English Dictionaries named “post-truth” its word of the year in November 2016, right before the U.S. election.

Citing a 2,000 percent spike in usage – due to Brexit and the American presidential campaign – they defined post-truth as “relating to or denoting circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief.”

Ideology, in other words, takes precedence over reality. When an individual believes their thoughts can influence reality, we call it “magical thinking” and might worry about their mental health. When a government official uses ideology to trump reality, it’s more like propaganda, and it puts us on the road to fascism.

As Yale philosopher Jason Stanley argues, “The key thing is that fascist politics is about identifying enemies, appealing to the in-group (usually the majority group), and smashing truth and replacing it with power.”

Ideology, post-truth and power
(Click here to go to source)

The point of a lie is to convince someone that a falsehood is true. But the point of post-truth is domination. In my analysis, post-truth is an assertion of power.

As journalist Masha Gessen and others have argued, when Trump lies he does so not to get someone to accept what he’s saying as true, but to show that he is powerful enough to say it.
He has asserted, “I’m the President and you’re not,” as if such high political office comes with
the prerogative of creating his own reality.

This would explain why Trump doesn’t seem to care much if there is videotape or other evidence that contradicts him. When you’re the boss, what does that matter?

Same way, we can also take examples of other politicians like Prime Minister of India – Narendra Modi's views about GST & his own views about GST when he was CM of India. This is how politicians use simple ways to deceive and seduce people. Demonetization and Cashless India have done the same thing in directly or more indirectly but politics played such that a Mango man could not raise even his voice. Such examples help us to understand this term.

(1)Freedom of Expression
According to our constitution, we have

freedom of expression but we need to think that really are we free?  And if we are free then in which....

sense we are really free! Just look a while whethere we are free in this way or not!

(2) Satire on our education system

It may touch our heart at first sight, because we have been used to it since childhood as a way of putting guilt on our weaknesses.  But
once we think whether we are a fish? Or

elephant or lion or any other animal?

No, we are humans and therefore this picture may not be right for us. 

 After deep study it can be said that in this picture the painter has worked to deceive the people by his skill and to put the blame on the system instead of paying attention to his own. Actually, This picture is satire upon human capacities not upon education system. We are human beings and man is man if he is multitasker otherwise what is the difference between man and beast!

(3)Journalism v/s truth v/s post-truth
In modern times social media and media do a unique job of spreading the word to the people.  But the fact that the media is truly delivering the message to the masses, or whether it is overtaxing or spreading information in favour of a political party, has become the most burning question of today.
For example,

Portraying everything differently has become one of the biggest work of the media.
At the present time, there are very few

journalists who are delivering genuine journalism like Ravish Kumar with neutrality against some kind of political party, and they are also being veiled by political parties.

Some other cartoons may help us to be very clear about this term Post-Truth. The best nation can never be formed by joining religion and monarchy.  At present, the monarchy uses religion as an object and now it is time to think about whose foolishness it is politicians are taking advantage of this! Right now, the way is being taken that the opposing party will automatically feel suborfinate.

 

During last several years ! Indirect way of taking more tax rather we can say on the name of black money.

 Democracy means by the people, for the people, of the people but now-a-days it is become BUY THE PEOPLE, FOUR THE PEOPLE & OFF THE PEOPLE

As post truth questions to truth rather discovers the truth. In our day-to-day life also we can find it. So let's be aware & try to indentify the truth and do not become victim of fake truth.

Thank you.

Metaphysical Poetry

Metaphysical Poetry

Reflective Learning

[1] Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry with Explanation of a few metaphysical poetry written by John Donne as well as any other Metaphysical Poet

In our English Literature, there are various types of division according to its period like Anglo-Saxon poetry, classical poetry, neoclassical poetry, metaphysical poetry, romantic poetry, modern poetry and so many other. During the first half of 17^th century, a group of people emerges who wanted to prove their wit, scholarship and learning & Samuel Johnson was the first who commented upon John Donne and his school. Metaphysical Poetry is a kind of poetry which is beyond the physical and used simile and metaphor which nothing to do with the theme. They used farfetched images and made conscious attempt.

Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry

1. Themes ·         Spiritual & has often religious theme ·         Focuses on love, as the union of soul 2. Literary Devices ·         Uses metaphors, puns, paradoxes & meter to create drama and tension ·         Uses scientific, medical & legal words & phrases to create arguments about the philosophical aspect of life 3. Poets ·         Man of high intellect ·         All were graduated ·         Presented new ideas & stories to their readers ·         Wanted to prove their wit, learning & scholarship ·         John Donne is the pioneer 4. Meaning of the poetry ·         Epigrammatic quality is part & parcel of this poetry 5.  Metaphysical Conceit ·         Significant feature ·         Comparison of two dissimilar things, which may have very little in common 6. Wit ·         Expression of one’s idea & thoughts, using aptly & technically, the words & various figures of speech in such a manner as to provide pleasure ·         John Donne is called “Monarch of Wit” 7. Originality ·         Hallmark of metaphysical poets ·         Didn’t follow the path of contemporary poets ·         Stood against their contemporaries & followed their own way of writing poetry 8. Short Poems ·         is considered to be brief & concise ·         Each and every line conveys a meaning ·         No wastage of words ·         Every word is adjusted in every line like a brick in a wall 9. Platonic Love ·         Spiritual love ·         Free from elements of physical love

    John Donne and his poetry

John Donne is the pioneer of Metaphysical Poetry. Thematic analysis of Donne’s poetry- especially love poems have unique way of expression. Many of his poems are sensual. In adfing this, his poetry expounds the concept of love in a very innovative and ingenuous way. Let’s try to illustrate this through his poems.

1.	Ardent love ·        Donne’s poetry is full of passion and enthusiastic. ·        For example… Busie old fool, unruly Sun, Why dost thou thus,  Through windows, and through curtaines call on us?  (The Sun Rising)
2.	Flirtatious Love For example… Difference of sex no more we knew Than our guardian angels do;  Coming and going us Perchance might kiss,  but not between those meals, Our hands ne’er touched the seals Which nature,  injured by late law, sets free These miracles we did; but now alas All measure and all language should pass Should  I tell what a miracle she was? She’s all States and all Princes, I, Nothing else is. (The Sun Rising)
3.	Carnal Love ·        He give his justification to account for the need of canal love as he says that soul cannot exist without a body as spiritual love is improbable without bodily love. ·        For example… Enter these armes, for since thou thoughtst it best, Not to dream all my dream, let’s act the rest. (The Dream)
4.	Brutal Love ·        His love is brutal not feeling ashamed of giving verisimilitude to a flea. ·        For example… It suck'd me first, and now sucks thee,  And in this flea our two bloods mingled are.  Cruel and sudden, hast thou since Purpled thy nail in blood of innocence?  Wherein could this flea guilty be, Except in that drop which it suck'd from thee?  (The Flee)

[2] If you can write creative poems, try to rewrite or create new metaphysical poem in either English or Gujarati or Hindi or Sanskrit language.

મને મારી સાથે વાંધો છે,
મારે FBમાં જ વાતો છે ને Whatsapp સાથે નાતો છે,
મને મારી સાથે વાંધો છે.

હું જ નથી માણી શકતી મારી જાતને,
હું જ નથી સાંભળી શકતી મારી જાતને;
હું જ મુજને ના ઓળખતી,
કારણ.. FBની post જ હવે દેખાય છે ને
whatsapp ના statusથી ઓળખાય છે.
મારે FBમાં જ વાતો છે ને Whatsapp સાથે નાતો છે,
મને મારી સાથે વાંધો છે.

નથી જીવાતું whatsapp ને FB વગર,
અહીં જીવાય છે સંબંધો વગર;
દૂરના જાળાઓ બધા સાચવવામાં,
નજીકના બધા ગૂંચવાય છે.
મારે FB માં જ વાતો છે ને whatsapp સાથે નાતો છે,
મને મારી સાથે વાંધો છે

નથી માણી શકતી આ દુનિયા,
પવન, ઝાડ ને ફૂલોની સૃષ્ટિ જ્યાં;
ત્યાં વર્ષા નું status મુકવા,
રઘવાઈ થઈ જાવ છું.
મારે FB માં જ વાતો છે ને whatsapp સાથે નાતો છે,
મને મારી સાથે વાંધો છે.

નથી જીરવાતો એ ધ્રાસકો,
જ્યારે Battery Law ની warning આવે;
મગજ પરબારુ, હદય હડીકાઢતું,
આમ-તેમ બસ આંટા મારે.
મારે FB માં જ વાતો છે ને whatsapp સાથે નાતો છે,
મને મારી સાથે વાંધો છે.
- રૂચિ જોશી